Key:stećak:format
 stećak:format
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To specify an archaeological site as a necropolis - a large ancient cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. 
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| Group: historic |
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| Status: in use |
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Format of stećaks refer to their shape and features like decorations and most importantly inscriptions. These shapes very greatly but follow established patterns depending on workmanship and local traditions among stone-cutters.
There are more than 60 thousand individual stećak tombstones in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and another several thousands in border areas of neighboring countries. Stećaks are found individually and grouped in necropolis, which is a large historic cemetery with elaborate tombstone monuments. The term implies a separate burial site at a distance from a settlement.
How to map
Draw as an area 
along the necropolis outline a node 
with the historic=stećak + stećak:format=*. If consists of a significant individual stećaks draw those as an area inside necropolis area or set a node(s) .
Stećak format parameters - basic groupings
Lying horizontal stećaks
Slabs - the oldest examples of horizontal thick format is slab (a ledger form).
Chest - stećaks in the form of chests are to some extent a higher stage of development and transformation of stećaks in the form of slabs.
Chests with slab pedestal - these are actually made in two forms. One form is chest with a pedestal slab, which is cut together with a chest of the one and the same stone, and are called homogeneous; the other form is chest on a pedestal slab, which is cut separately of a separate piece of stone, so it can be said that this variety consists of two parts. There are also chests with two and even three stands, which look very imposing. Just like an ordinary chest, there is also a variant of a double stećaks,
Gable-shaped or sarcophagus - this is a chest where the upper side is no longer horizontal but resembles a gabled house-roof.
Gable-shaped with slab pedestal - most of these stećaks have their own pedestals, which are sometimes carved from the same piece of stone – also called homogeneous, while sometimes they are made from a different piece of stone and represent another, separate, part of the stećak.
Standing upright stećaks
Columns - standing stećaks are mostly cut in the form of columns.
Cross-shaped - this form of stećak is generally not represented, and it amounts to about 0.5% of the total number of stećaks.
Amorphous - not carved at all or are only superficially cut.
In addition, the following parameters should be given to describe the details of the object.
- stećak=stećak_necropolis (historic=stećak_necropolis redirect)
- stećak:stećak_count="1,2,3,4,5,..."
- stećak:relocated=* - for individual or group of stećaks moved / relocated from their original location
- stećak:replica=* - for replicas of stećaks
- inscription=*
- name=name - the name of the site, e.g. Radimlja
- heritage=* - if the site is registered by an official heritage organisation, KONS in case of Bosnia; also UNESCO on selected necropolises.
- ref:kons=three- or four-digits number - both individual stećaks and stećak necropolises (graveyards/cemeteries) are listed as the National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina by KONS and is be referenced by this number
- kons:inscription_date=* - date of inscription by KONS
- kons:decision_number=* - decision number for the inscribed by kons of individual stećak or grouped in necropolis
The following optional tags may also be useful on complement:
- ref:whc=number - selected number of stećak necropolises is listed by UNESCO on the World Heritage List of protected monuments.
- tourism=* (tourism=attraction)
- material=limestone
Tags to use in combination
- If more than one necropolis is in the close proximity use *stećak:stećak_necropolis=* 1, 2, 3, ...etc.
- historic:civilization=* (or more precise subtags) - the civilization (culture) that originally created the feature, which usually is Bosnian Church so suitable subtag is required
- tourism=attraction - if it is a tourist attraction.
- wikidata=* - an ID of the specific Wikidata item
- wikipedia=* - a link to Wikipedia's article
See also
- key historic=archaeological_site specifies an archaeological site;
- tag archaeological_site=necropolis specifies an archaeological site as a necropolis.
- site_type=* - to further describe the type of the site - established tag, deprecated by wiki voting
Examples
Radimlja, Stolac
Grebnice, Radmilovića Dubrava, Baljći, Bileća
Kalufi in Krekovi, Nevesinje
Boljuni, Stolac
Kaursko Groblje, Dejičići
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Historical background
A stećak is a monumental gravestone slab or megalith, cut exclusively in Dinaric Karst limestone in variety of sizes and shapes which, however, followed ordered pattern, erected as a monument (tombstone) on top of the grave and mostly grouped in cemeteries or necropolises, but sometimes as tombstones for individual graves. At present there are more than 60 thousand individual stećak tombstones in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and another several thousands in border areas of neighboring countries, mostly in necropolises comprised of few to few hundreds of individual stones. Stećak necropolis is a large historic cemetery with elaborate tombstone monuments. The term implies a separate burial site at a distance from a settlement.
A stećak has been used as early as beginning of the 12th century to as late as mid to late 16th, in some cases early 17th century, for funerals or commemorative purposes.[1][2]
Stećaks that will later evolve into transitional variety of stećak-"nišan"s, a variety of stećak used in late medieval Bosnia by first converts to Islam after the Ottoman conquest of the Kingdom of Bosnia, could be mapped as stećak in combination with religious affiliation. Later still, these stećak-nišans will evolve into their final form as Muslim gravestones called nišan(s).[3]
On initiative of the Commission to Preserve National Monuments of Bosnia and Herzegovina, stećaks are inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO since 2016. More than 4,000 individual monoliths are selected, and grouped in necropolises at 28 locations, of which 22 in Bosnia and Herzegovina,[4] two in Croatia, three in Montenegro, and three in Serbia.
Rendering suggestions
suggested by User:Santasa
