User:Rtnf/Non-POI Taggings

Agriculture Tagging Reference

• landuse=animal_keeping : An area that is used to keep animals, particularly horses and livestock
  • animal_keeping=sheep;cow
• landuse=aquaculture : The farming of freshwater and saltwater organisms
  • natural=water + aquaculture=fish : For fish farming areas
• landuse=farmyard : An area of land with farm buildings.
• farmyard=* : Special types of farmyards
  • farmyard=feedlot : A type of animal feeding operation which is used in intensive animal farming for finishing livestock, notably beef cattle
  • farmyard=stockyard : An area used to temporarily hold livestock, generally with many fences.
  • farmyard=poultry : Used for raising poultry, usually chickens, for meats and eggs
  • farmyard=dairy : Used for raising cows for milks
• building=cowshed : A building for housing cows

Landforms Tagging Reference

Natural

• natural=* : Used to describe a wide variety of physical geography, geological and landcover features, including ones that have been modified or created by humans.
  • natural=arch : A rock arch formed by erosion, with an opening underneath.
  • natural=beach : A loose geological landform along the coast or along another body of water consisting of sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, cobblestones or sometimes shell fragments.
    • surface=pebblestone : Pebbels are stones rounded by waves or river flow. Typical size range from 2 to 8 cm.
      • Shingle beach : A shingle beach, also known as a pebble beach or gravel beach, is a type of beach characterized by the presence of small to medium-sized rounded stones or pebbles instead of sand. Shingle beaches are typically found in areas with high wave energy and strong currents. The strong waves and current tend to sort and move larger particles, such as pebbels, over finer sediment like sand.
        • Ayre : The name used for shingle beaches found in Orkney, Shetland, the Isle of Man, Lancashire, Cumbria and Northumbria. The word is derived from the Old Norse eyrr, meaning gravelly place.
  • natural=shoal : An area of the water floor which nears the water surface and is exposed at low tide or when a river/lake is not full of water.
  • natural=reef : A rock, sandbar, or other feature (such as coral, stromatolites, etc) that lies permanently (at low tides) beneath the surface of the water but close to the surface.
    • reef=coral : Coral reef is formed by colonies of tiny marine animals called coral polyps. These polyps secrete a hard exoskeleton made of calcium carbonate, creating the foundation of the reef. Over time, as new generations of coral polyps settle and building upon the existing structure, the reef grows larger. Coral reefs are incredibly diverse ecosystems and are often referred to as the "rainforests of the sea" due to the abundance of marine life they support. They provide habitats and shelter for a wide range of organisms, including fish, crustaceans, mollusks and many other invertebrates. Reefs are important for various reasons. They help protect coastlines by absorbing wave energy. They also contribute to global biodiversity, and play a role in nutrient recycling within the ocean.
      • place=atoll : An atoll is a ring-shaped coral reefs that surrounds a lagoon, often located in the open ocean. A lagoon is a shallow body of water, separated from a larger body of water, such as an ocean or sea, by a barrier, such as sandbar, coral reef, or barrier island.
    • reef=sand : A sandbar is a landform that forms in bodies of water, typically near coastlines, rivers or in shallow areas of lakes. It is a submerged or partially exposed accumulation of sand or other sediment that extends above the water surface. Sandbars are dynamic features that can change over time due to the action of waves, tides and water currents. They can shift, erode or even disappear as sediment is continually moved and redistributed by these forces. Sandbars are often visible during low tide, but they may become fully submerged during high tide.
  • natural=dune : A hill of sand formed by wind, covered with no or very little vegetation. These primarily occur in deserts or at coasts. Dunes are formed when wind transports and deposits sand particles, resulting in distinctive mound-like or ridge-like formations. Dunes are dynamic landforms, constantly changing and evolving due to the effects of wind, erosion and deposition.
    • dune=barchan : Barchan, a specific type of sand dune, a crescent-shaped dune formed by the action of wind on sand. They have a characteristic crescent or U-shaped form, with two arms extending from the central crest, pointing downwind. Barchans typically form in areas where sand is limited, and the prevailing wind consistently blows in one direction. Barchan dunes migrate over time as they are shaped by the wind.

Karst

Karst refers to a distinctive type of landscape formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks, such as limestone, dolomite, or gypsum. It is characterized by unique features such as sinkholes, caves, underground rivers and disappearing streams. The term "karst" originated from the Kras Plateau in Slovenia, which showcases typical karst topography.

Karst landscapes are formed through a process called karstification, in which water percolates through the soluble rocks, gradually dissolving them and creating voids and underground drainage systems. Over time, these processes can result in the formation of extensive cave systems, underground rivers, and intricate networks of interconnected conduits.

One of the most common features of karst landscapes is sinkholes. Sinkholes are depressions or holes that form when the underlying soluble rock collapses, leaving a void beneath the surface.

• natural=sinkhole : A natural depression or hole in the surface topography.
  • sinkhole=estavelle : A sinkhole connected to water body, which drains or feeds it.
  • sinkhole=bluehole : A vertical, underwater sinkhole, often used for scuba diving.
  • sinkhole=doline : A sinkhole clogged up with earth or debris. When filled, generally looks like an old crater with flat, fertile ground.
  • sinkhole=pit : A sinkhole without any of these characteristics. A simple hole, opened in the ground.
    • Abîme : A vertical shaft in karst terrain that may be very deep and usually opens into a network of subterranean passages.

Glacier

A glacier is a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time from accumulated snowfall. Glaciers form when the snowfall in area exceeds the amount of snow that melts during the warmer seasons. Over time, the layers of snow compress and turn into ice. The weight of the accumulated snow and ice causes the glacier to flow downhill due to gravity, albeit at a very slow pace. They can shape the landscape through erosion by scouring the underlying rocks and soil as they move.

• natural=arete : A narrow ridge of rock that separates two valleys. It is typically formed when two glaciers arode parallel U-shaped valleys.

Island

• place=island : Any piece of land that is completely surrounded by water and isolated from other significant landmasses.
  • Barrier island : A long, narrow landform that runs parallel to the mainland coast. It is typically made up of sand or sediment and is separated from the mainland by a body of water such as a bay, lagoon, or tidal marsh. These islands act as natural buffers, protecting the mainland from the impacts of waves, storms and tides. The formation of a barrier island usually involves a combination of factors, such as wave action, sediment supply, sea level changes and tectonic activity. Over time, sediments carried by waves and currents accumulate and form the elongated landform characteristic of barrier islands. Barrier islands often exhibit distinct features, including sand dunes, salt marshes, tidal inlets and lagoons.
• place=islet : An islet is any very small island. For the purposes of OSM, all islands with land area at Mean High Water Spring tide less thatn 1 square kilometre are to be tagged as islets. Generally islets are too small to support continuous occupation without shipments from other island.
  • Ait : A small island, especially used to refer to river islands found on the River Thames and its tributaries in England. Aits are typically formed by the deposit of sediment in the water.
• place=archipelago : A group of closely related islands and islets. Each island in the archipelago is added as a member of a relation.

Waterbodies

• natural=cape : A prominent piece of land sticking out into the sea or large lake.
  • Baymouth bar : A type of landform that forms at the entrance of a bay, obstructing the opening and partially or completely closing it off from the open ocean. It is a ridge or shoal composed of sediment, typically sand or gravel, which extends across the mouth of the bay.
• natural=bay : Named area of water mostly surrounded by land but with level connection to the ocean or lake.
• natural=water : Inland bodies of water, both naturally occuring and man made.
  • Bayou : A term used primarily in the US to describe a slow-moving, marshy, or swampy body of water, usually found in flat, low-lying areas. They are characterized by their sluggish flow, oftern appearing as calm, still water with little noticeable current. Bayous are typically associated with the southeastern region of the United States, particularly in Louisiana, where they are a prominent feature of the landscape.
• waterway=stream : A naturally forming waterway that is too narrow to be classified as river. The commonly accepted rule for OSM is that a streeam can be jumped across by an active, able-bodied person.
  • intermittent=yes : To indicate that a stream does not have a permanent flow
    • Arroyo : A Spanish term used to describe a watercourse that is typically dry for most of the year and only carries water during periods of heavy rainfall or snowmelt. Arroyos are commonly found in regions where precipitation is scarce. During dry periods, arroyos appear as shallow channels or depressions, often characerized by rocky or sandy bottoms. However, when heavy rains occur, these channels can quickly fill with rushing water, forming temporary streams or even flash floods. The term "Wadi" is used in North Africa and Western Asia for similar landforms.
• seamark:type=sea_area : A geographically defined part of the sea.
  • seamark:sea_area:category=fan : An abyssal fan is a geological feature found on the ocean floor. It is a large, fan-shaped accumulation of sediment that forms at the base of steep continental slopes or submarine canyons.
  • seamark:sea_area:category=abyssal_plain : An abyssal plain is a vast, flat, and relatively featureless region of the ocean floor that lies at great depths, usually found at depths between 3,000 and 6,000 metres. They cover more than 50% of the Earth surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth.

Untagged

• Alluvial fan : An accumulation of sediments that fans outwards from a concentrated source of sediments.
  • natural=sediment
  • natural=alluvial_fan
• Bajada : A broad, sloping plain, or series of coalescing alluvial fans formed at the base of a mountain range or hills. It refers to the landform that results from the merging and spreading of multiple individual alluvial fans. In mountainous or hilly regions, water runoff from the slopes carries sediment, including rocks, sand, and debris, down to the base of the mountains. As the water slows down and spreads out in flatter areas, it drops the sediment it carries. Over time, this repeated process results in the accumulation and spreading of sediment, forming a broad, gently sloping plain. The sediment deposited on the bajada may provide fertile soil, allowing plants to establish and thrive. The broad, flat nature of bajadas makes them attractive for human settlement. The fertile soil, relatively flat terrain, and proximity to water sources can support agriculture and provide suitable areas for communities to establish.
  • natural=sediment + geological=bajada
• Anabranch : A section of a river that divers from the main channel and rejoins the main stem downstream.
  • water=anabranch
  • waterway=anabranch
  • stream=side_stream
  • waterway=side_stream
• Badlands : Badlands refer to a type of terrain characterized by rugged, eroded landscapes with steep slopes, barren cliffs deep canyons, narrow ravines and intricate ridges. These formations result from the differential erosion of various rock layers, revealing colorful bands and patterns within the exposed sedimentary strata. These areas are typically composed of sedimentary rock that has been heavily eroded by wind and water over the time. The eroded terrain often lacks topsoil and sustains only sparse vegetation adapted to harsh conditions. The name "badlands" originate from early American settlers who found these landscapes challenging to traverse and cultivate.

Uncategorized

• note=* : A note is used to inform other mappers about non-obvious information about an element, the author’s intent when creating it, or hits for further improvement. A note is generally used on OSM object to describe real-world things like “the bus stop is actually here but the signpost was knocked down in September 2009”. The length of a note is limited to 255 characters.
• leisure=pitch : An area designed for practising a particular sport, normally designated with appropriate markings.
  • sport=soccer
• building=guardhouse : A small building constructed to house guard
• amenity=kindergarten : Establishments offering early years education and supervision for children up to the age of formal school education.
  • The campus of a kindergarten should be drawn as an area tagged with amenity=kindergarten.
  • The building can be mapped with building=kindergarten
  • A node amenity=kindergarten for text rendering.
• waterway=drain : Artificial waterways, typically lined with concrete, used to carry superflous water like storm water or grey-discharge.
• waterway=canal : Man-made open flow waterways used to carry useful water for transportation, hydro-power generation or irrigation purposes.
• craft=key_cutter : A shop, usually very small, where you bring a typical key and get a duplicate made while you wait.
• craft=embroiderer : A person who produces embroidery, or sewn designs.

Carto textual renderings reference (node)

• amenity=school : A place where pupils, normally between the ages of about 6 and 18 are taught under the supervision of teacher. (10 <= zoomLevel)
  • school:type_idn=* (sd/smp/sma)
• amenity=university : An institution of higher education, designed for instruction, examination, or both, of students in many branches of advanced learning ( 10 <= zoomLevel )
• shop=mall : A single building with multiple commercial retail stores where the entrances to the stores let onto a common enclosed area. (10 <= zoomLevel)
• leisure=pitch : An area designed for practising a particular sport, normally designated with appropriate markings. (10 <= zoomLevel)
• leisure=park : An area of open space for recreational use, usually designed and in semi-natural state with grassy areas, trees and bushes. (10 <= zoomLevel )
• highway=motorway_junction : An exit from a motorway. (11 <= zoomLevel)
• place=neighbourhood : A named, geographically localised place. (15 <= zoomLevel <20)