JA:Tag:natural=tree
(Redirected from JA:樹木)
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 natural = tree
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| 説明 |
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単一の樹木です。 
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| OSM Cartoでのレンダリング |
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| グループ: 自然 |
| 適用できる要素 |
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| よく併用されるタグ |
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| 関連項目 |
状態：承認
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| ツール |
単一の樹木で、孤立していたり特徴的であったりします。
マッピング方法
木の幹の位置にノード（
）を配置して natural=tree でタグ付けします。
追加のタグ
- leaf_type=broadleaved/needleleaved - 葉の種類（broadleaved=広葉樹/needleleaved=針葉樹）を記述します。
type=broad_leaved/conifer/palm- 注意: リレーション以外の要素で type=* を使うべきではありません。（代わりに leaf_type を使ってください）- genus=* - 属の学名 (学名の最初の部分)。species=* を付与した場合、このタグは付与しなくてもかまいません。
- species=* - 種の学名 (一般的に ラテン名 として知られます)。 各ローカル言語用の名前空間を利用してください (記述例を参照)
- taxon=* 分類学的なレベルを表現する学名 例. 目(order), 科(family), 属(genus), 種(species), 亜種(sub-species), 栽培品種(cultivar)
- sex=male/female - 種によっては、雌雄異株 (dioecious) である樹木もあります。つまり、個体によって雌雄どちらかの花しか咲かないということを意味します。柳の木 (willow, Salix)がその良い例です。
- circumference=* - 幹の外周(地表から1.3mの高さで測定)。単位の表記が無い場合にはメートルとみなされます。
- height=* - 樹木の高さ
- diameter_crown=* - 樹冠部の直径
- name=* - 名前を持つ毎木に対して使います。これらの樹木の名称は通常、歴史的であったり、伝統的であったり、特別なイベントの記念につけられた名称であったりします(> 記念樹)。 name=* 用の通常のルールが適用されます。このタグは種を表現する目的で使うべきではありません。
- leaf_cycle=deciduous/evergreen/semi_deciduous/semi_evergreen - 葉の季節変化を表します。（deciduous=落葉樹/evergreen=常緑樹/semi_deciduous=半落葉樹/semi_evergreen=半常緑樹）
特徴を示すための denotation サブタグ
木の由来や特徴を表現するために役立つタグです。このタグを使うことにより、ランドマークとして使われる樹木をより目立たせたり、特徴の無い木を目立たなくしたり、時には全く描画しないようにしたりする地図表現を設定することが可能です。この利用法については、議論ページでより多くの提案がされています。 denotation タグは広く使われているようです。記念樹を表すには、 monument=yes を追加してください（historic=monument と比較して）。
並木 (Tree rows)
並木をマッピングする際は、 natural=tree_row を参照してください。（道路沿いの場合は、「街路樹」と呼ばれることもあります））。このアプローチは、詳細を記述するために、個別の木のマッピングと併用することができます。
記述例
クルミの木: A walnut tree (common walnut):
- leaf_type=broadleaved
- species=Juglans regia (this is the latin species name)
- species:en=Common Walnut
- species:de=Echte Walnuss
- species:ja=クルミ
樫の木: An oak tree (species が不明の場合):
- leaf_type=broadleaved
- genus=Quercus (属の名称のラテン語表記)
- genus:en=Oak
トウヒの木: A spruce tree (species が不明の場合):
- leaf_type=needleleaved
- genus=Picea
- genus:en=Spruce
カバノキ: A birch tree (species が不明の場合):
フェニックス（カナリーヤシ）:
- leaf_type=broadleaved
- species=Phoenix canariensis
桜の木の記述方法
日本において、桜の木の記述を行う場合のサンプルを以下に示します。 関連するTalk-ja ML
- ソメイヨシノ
natural = tree leaf_type = broadleaved genus = Cerasus genus:ja = サクラ属 species = "Cerasus × yedoensis" species:ja = ソメイヨシノ
- ヤマザクラ
natural = tree leaf_type = broadleaved genus = Cerasus genus:ja = サクラ属 species = "Cerasus jamasakura" species:ja = ヤマザクラ
現在のレンダリング
- 標準:
レンダリングの可能性
- 広葉樹
- 裸子植物
- ヤシ
レンダラーは木の種類のために1つだけ地図記号を使うことができます。（上記のように）葉に依存する記号を使う場合、もっとも簡単な解決方法は type=*、 leaf_type=*、 wood=* を確認することです。設定されていない場合は、属名（genus）から推測します。属名は genus=* タグの値です。これは species=* タグの値における最初の部分（最初の空白の前の部分）でもあります。
| 属名（genus） | wood=* | type=* | leaf_type=* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abies | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Acanthophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Acoelorrhaphe | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Acrocomia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Actinokentia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Actinorhytis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Adonidia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Aiphanes | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Allagoptera | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Ammandra | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Aphandra | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Araucaria | coniferous | broad_leaved | broadleaved |
| Archontophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Areca | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Arenga | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Asterogyne | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Astrocaryum | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Attalea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Bactris | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Balaka | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Barcella | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Basselinia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Beccariophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Bentinckia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Bismarckia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Borassodendron | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Borassus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Brahea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Brassiophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Burretiokentia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Butia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Calamus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Calocedrus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Calyptrocalyx | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Calyptrogyne | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Calyptronoma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Carpentaria | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Carpoxylon | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Caryota | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Cathaya | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Cedrus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Cephalotaxus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Ceratolobus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Ceratozamia | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Ceroxylon | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Chamaecyparis | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Chamaedorea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Chamaerops | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Chambeyronia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Chelyocarpus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Chigua | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Chuniophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Clinosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Clinostigma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Coccothrinax | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Cocos | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Colpothrinax | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Copernicia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Corypha | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Cryosophila | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Cryptomera | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Cunninghamia | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Cupressocyparis | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Cupressus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Cycas | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Cyphokentia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Cyphophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Cyphosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Cyrtostachys | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Daemonorops | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Deckenia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Desmoncus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Dictyocaryum | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Dictyosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Dioon | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Dransfieldia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Drymophloeus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Dypsis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Elaeis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Eleiodoxa | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Encephalartos | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Ephedra | evergreen | conifer | needleleaved |
| Eremospatha | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Eugeissona | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Euterpe | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Gaussia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Geonoma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Ginkgo | deciduous | broad_leaved | broadleaved |
| Gnetum | evergreen | broad_leaved | broadleaved |
| Guihaia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Hedyscepe | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Hemithrinax | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Heterospathe | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Howea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Hydriastele | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Hyophorbe | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Hyospathe | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Hyphaene | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Iguanura | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Iriartea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Iriartella | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Itaya | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Johannesteijsmannia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Juania | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Jubaea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Jubaeopsis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Juniperus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Kentiopsis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Kerriodoxa | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Keteleeria | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Korthalsia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Laccospadix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Laccosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Larix | coniferous and deciduous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Latania | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Lemurophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Leopoldinia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Lepidocaryum | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Lepidorrhachis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Lepidozamia | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Leucothrinax | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Licuala | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Linospadix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Livistona | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Lodoicea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Loxococcus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Lytocaryum | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Macrozamia | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Manicaria | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Marojejya | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Masoala | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Mauritia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Mauritiella | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Maxburretia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Medemia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Metasequoia | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Metroxylon | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Microbiota | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Microcycas | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Myrialepis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Nannorrhops | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Nenga | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Neonicholsonia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Neoveitchia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Nephrosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Normanbya | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Nothotsuga | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Nypa | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Oenocarpus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Oncocalamus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Oncosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Orania | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Oraniopsis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Parajubaea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pelagodoxa | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Phoenicophorium | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Phoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pholidocarpus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pholidostachys | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Physokentia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Phytelephas | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Picea | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Pigafetta | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pinanga | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pinus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Plectocomia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Plectocomiopsis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Podocarpus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Podococcus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pogonotium | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Ponapea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Prestoea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pritchardia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pritchardiopsis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pseudolarix | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Pseudophoenix | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Pseudotsuga | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Ptychococcus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Ptychosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Raphia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Ravenea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Reinhardtia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Retispatha | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Rhapidophyllum | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Rhapis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Rhopaloblaste | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Rhopalostylis | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Roscheria | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Roystonea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Sabal | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Sabinaria | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Salacca | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Saribus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Satakentia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Satranala | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Schippia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Sciadopitus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Sclerosperma | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Sequoia | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Sequoiadendron | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Serenoa | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Socratea | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Solfia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Sommieria | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Syagrus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Synechanthus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Tahina | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Taxodium | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Taxus | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Tectiphiala | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Thrinax | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Thuja | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Thujopsis | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Tilia | deciduous | broad_leaved | broadleaved |
| Torreya | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Trachycarpus | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Trithrinax | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Tsuga | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Veitchia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Verschaffeltia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Voanioala | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Wallichia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Washingtonia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Welfia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Welwitschia | deciduous | broad_leaved | broadleaved |
| Wendlandiella | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Wettinia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Wodyetia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| Zamia | coniferous | conifer | needleleaved |
| Zombia | evergreen | palm | broadleaved |
| all others | deciduous or evergreen | broad_leaved | broadleaved |
歴史
当初、このタグは単独の樹木や有名な樹木にのみ使うように想定されていました。 name タグ自体がないというような、普通の樹木を表すこと、単独でも有名でもない樹木に使うことは想定されていませんでした。現在は、ウィキの定義を無視して、普通の樹木を表すためによく使われるようになり、樹木が特筆するべきものであることを示すために別なタグが導入されました。
関連情報
- natural=tree_row - 並木
- Proposed features/Tree - このタグに関する承認された提案
- landuse=forest, natural=wood - 管理された（されていない）森林
- habitat=* （提案中）
- plant_community=* （提案中）
- Tree table - 3D 樹木のマッピングの考え方
- Environmental OSM - OpenStreetMap 環境表現プロジェクトと、そのためのタグ定義
- Invasive Non-Native Species - 外来種を記録するための提案